Despite a record-breaking year for global air travel, African airlines remain the least profitable worldwide, earning a collective net profit of just $200 million in 2025, according to the International Air Transport Association (IATA).
Released at the IATA annual general meeting in New Delhi, the latest financial outlook reveals that while global airlines are expected to post $36 billion in net profits, Africa’s carriers will manage only a 1.1% profit margin — the lowest globally. By comparison, North American airlines are projected to earn $12.7 billion. “Africa’s aviation sector remains one of the most vulnerable despite strong demand fundamentals,” said IATA Director-General Willie Walsh, citing high operating costs, aircraft shortages, and blocked funds as major obstacles.
Out of a total of 15 countries worldwide, 12 African nations, including Mozambique and several in the CEMAC zone, are responsible for 72.7% of $1.163 billion in blocked airline funds, making it difficult for carriers to access vital foreign currency revenues. Mozambique alone accounts for $205 million, making it the highest debtor country. The continent’s airlines also face challenges integrating into global air cargo networks and adapting to costly sustainable fuel mandates. Though air travel demand in Africa is forecast to grow by 8% in 2025, capacity and profitability are held back. “The demand is real,” said Walsh. “What’s missing is a more enabling environment — from regulatory reforms to infrastructure investment and financial liquidity.”