Amnesty International has accused both M23 rebels and pro-Government Wazalendo militias in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo of committing widespread atrocities, including gang rapes, executions, and abductions.
In a report released Wednesday, August 20, the rights group said its investigation revealed that women have been raped in their homes, fields, and even camps meant for refuge, with abuses intended to intimidate and punish civilians. Amnesty said it interviewed more than 50 victims and witnesses, including survivors, medical professionals, and civil society representatives, and also reviewed statements, audio-visual material, and media reports to corroborate its findings.
According to the investigation, atrocities occurred between January and May this year across Goma, Bukavu, Rutshuru, Masisi, and Kalehe.
Of 14 sexual violence survivors interviewed, eight reported gang rape by M23 fighters, five by Wazalendo, and one by Congolese soldiers. Amnesty called on both Rwanda and Congo to hold perpetrators accountable, stressing that civilians—particularly women and girls—continue to suffer the greatest burden of the conflict. The report comes amid heightened tensions, with the M23 controlling large swathes of territory, including Goma and Bukavu, and facing allegations of backing from Rwanda, which Kigali denies.